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Laser Liposuction Knowledge Base
Whats the difference between laser liposuction AND laser lipolysis? Also, is it a bit risky undertaking laser liposuction when its quite a new procedure?
Difference between laser liposuction and standard liposuction? Is there a difference between laser liposuction and standard liposuction?
Has anyone had laser liposuction done? Does it work? I started hearing about an alternative to traditional liposuction in which a laser is used instead of a regular cannula. It claims the fat "melts away". Of course, that sounds about as credible as Britney Spears receiving the Nobel Peace Prize. Has anyone had this procedure done? Does it work?
I want to do Liposuction through laser. If you know pls suggest what are the pros and cons of liposuction? I am about 50 Kg overweight and I want to loose some fat badly. I want to do Liposuction through laser. If you know, pls suggest what are the pros and cons of liposuction. Thanks in advance
cheapest place to get laser liposuction? I have heard about this being done in the states as an improvement on the old lipo procedure. The procedure costs 2 - 5 thousand dollars here in the states, could this be done cheaper in Thailand or Mexico?
Laser liposuction before pregnancy? My husband and I want to conceive soon but I have a little excess weight I'd like to shed beforehand. Is laser liposuction safe for me to get before becoming pregnant?
I'm thinking of a laser liposuction procedure on my tummy - instead of lipo suction. Any one have this done? I'm about 5 lbs overweight and it's all in my midsection between the bellybutton and bikini incision that I have (hysteroctomy). Any good/bad news?
Has anyone had laser liposuction? I've already had traditional lipo but need to make a few more improvements. Has anyone tried laser lipo? Does it truly cut down on cellulite? Is it as effective as traditional surgery? Does it last like traditional lipo does? Thanks!
should i get Laser Liposuction Treatments? There is a deal online right now that is 3 treatments for only 99dollars.. has anyone heard of it?? any good or bad things? im 5'4 and 138 pounds I work out a lot and eat healthy... they only thing on my body that I can't seem to loose are my love handles... i was thinking about getting the laser lipo treatments for my love handles.. thoughts? thanks!
how much do laser smart liposuction cost in virginia beach and can a 15 year old get smart liposuction done by? laser if im really over weight
questions about smartlipo...??? the laser liposuction? i had a baby two years ago and i see people that permanently have baby belly. i still have the baby belly, bulgy skin and fat. other than this i am fairly skinny. i would like to have it done, what are the prices and the results that real people have experienced, not just those chosen for the magazine covers.....? and where is it available? anywhere near idaho?
Does anyone know the cost of liposuction or laser liposuction in Bangladesh? Does anyone know the cost of liposuction or laser liposuction in Bangladesh? actually i wanna know the actual cost of laser liposuction or liposuction in bangladesh.does it depend on the amount of reducing fat?is it too expensive here? i'm considering to go for liposuction from 3 to 5 areas.i dont need to lose too much weight.just few kgs from specific areas.so could anyone help me by providing the information? i would be grateful if anyone do so & also it would be good if you add your experience with that. thanks in advance.
Cost of Laser Liposuction? I've been doing some research on Laser Liposuction such as Smart Lipo, etc. but I could really use some more information. I'm a thin person but I have some stubborn lower abdomen fat that I would love to get rid of. What did you have to pay for the procedure? Did they base it off of your size, amount of fat, etc (i.e. if you're smaller w/ less fat will it cost less)? Was your experience a positive one? Do you have any recommendations? I appreciate all responses; any relative information would be helpful! Thanks! :)
liposuction , laser eye surgery, plastic surgery done in another country? I am thinking of getting surgery in another country because costs are significantly less than in the USA . What are the pros and cons? Anyone tried this? As long as they are cerified and professional is okay, right?? btw Im thinking going to Lima Peru.
I'm 17 years old and I want to get laser liposuction done on my stomach? I have a great body, the only problem is my stubborn belly fat. I have good sized boobs, a nice round butt that's nicely complimented by a slender curved in back, but the thing that ruins it is my huge stomach. I have to suck it in to look good and I've had stomach fat ever since I can remember and I want it gone! This is what I want to get done, read this http://skinandweight.com/smartlipo-procedure.html I don't think there's that many risks because all they do is make a 2 mm incision, and the laser liquifies the fat. It's laser liposuction. But if there are risks what are they? And how much will this cost me? I'm planning on getting this done when I turn 18. Also, I want ALL of my fat gone. Right now I have a 30 inch waist (38-30-38.5 measurements) and I want my waist to go down to 26 inches. Do you think that's feasible? If I get this done I'll have a perfect body. Yeah I know, I was planning on doing excercises to build muscle in my abdominal area a few times a week so I would have toned abs. I can't do that when I have a big layer of fat around my stomach so I need to get rid of the fat first.
how much does laser liposuction cost? specifically for the stomach
anyone have laser liposuction? or know anyone who has? what is the downtime after the procedure like? did you like the results? how much did it cost?
With Laser hair removal, breast implants, liposuction, hair straighters, the bar for beauty has just gone high? These days even a 7 would get a 5 from a bloke thanks to the raising bar for a woman's looks, are women winning or losing?
What is vaser? Is it laser based liposuction? Vaser appears to be all the rage, but isn't liposuction all fundamentally about the "suction" part anyway? So how can it be any different?
Should i do Liposuction Surgery or Liposuction Laser? I am 22 years old, 5'9 and 152 pounds. im happy about my body but the only thing that i hate about my body is my legs.. i always wanted to wear short dresses or skirts but i couldnt because i have such big calves (knee down). There is no way to get rid of them ive tried everything; workout,diet, nothing helps. And the muscles are not hard so i can tell that i have more fat than muscle. My question is should i do Liposuction Laser, or Liposuction Surgery; which one works the best? Laser is cheaper, does anyone know about the price for lipo surgery for claves? Please help me!!
Laser Liposuction Cost in NYC? My Doc has been on CBS, FOX , and Barbara Walters. He is very nice and has a great reputation but he is charging me $7k for my hips and thighs to liposculpted. Then I see all these ads from Medical Spas for so much cheaper. Am I being overcharged ?
Do you think Liposuction and Laser Surgery will be covered under Obama's New Health plan? Serious question here.. I'm giving it some thought. :)
laser liposuction - Scared? i hae an appt for laser lipo on my abdomen and love handled net week. i weight 115 and am in pretty good shape, was jsut hoping to zap off the fat cells in these areas. the suregrey is pretty intense, no anastesia and in bed for atlease a week. anyone had success and happy results with this? im torn between doing it and postponing - it is already paid for. and yes, i do excercize and eat well...thanks
Smart laser lipo vs regular liposuction? How much fat can they suck out with liposuction and smart lipo ? Which would you recommend ?
Has any ever heard of Laser Sculpt Network? I have seen this commercial on tv about laser liposuction and i just want to know about it. Has anyone ever done it? And if u have is it safe?
Are these statements about liposuction true or false? I consulted with a plastic surgeon I am considering for liposuction and he told me it's not necessary to wear a medical-grade compression garment after the procedure, that a body shaper or tight pair of bike shorts would do. Does this sound suspicious? I have heard from every other source that a good compression garment is essential to guarantee good results after liposuction. Also, he seemed to think laser-assisted liposuction does not deliver better results than the traditional method. Do you think he does or doesn't know what he's talking about?
LIPOSUCTION - traditional method or the new laser lipo? I'm saving up for liposuction. I know that laser lipo has a faster healing time and that the traditional method can cause more scarring... HOWEVER, which is more effective?
Slimray Home Laser Liposuction? Has anyone heard about it/used it and know if it's for real? >_> I'm veeeerrry skeptical, but their site looks legit enough I guess. Here's what I looked at: http://visol.com/en/products/Slimray.html/?cpn_code=facebook02 Please no rude answers, I'm not planning on buying it lol, I just want to know a)If it's just another scam, and b)If people have used it and what results they got. ^^ Please at least take a look at the link before answering. Thank you~!
could u please supply any futher information regarding treatment for laser belly thanku? iv been trying to gain some more information regarding the treatment and where to get it for the laser liposuction you featured in sundays paper so any futher information ie addressess phone numbers etc would be very welcome thankyou in advance for any help in this matter lt mcconville
Laser eye surgery and liposuction for minors? is it legal for a minor to get laser eye surgery or liposuction with or without parental consent in the United States the reason i ask this is because i am disgusted at the fact that any teenage girl can go get a secret abortion for almost free in any state, and i doubt that minors can get these two other types of surgery also, would it be legal for me to destroy the eggs of a california condor or bald eagel? wtf do you mean what is wrong with me? i am pretty sure that minors can't get surgery except for the purpose of murder, but im not positive, im also not positive of the legality of destroying the unborn children of other species
Is liposuction a good idea for me? I'll be 18? I am seriously considering getting liposuction after I turn 18. I am healthy and in shape, but I have this one spot under my belly button that will NOT go away no matter how hard I try. I was thinking of doing the new laser liposuction, it is cheaper and safer and easier with only one day of recovery time. I am not going to tell my parents about this. do you think its a good idea? Should I tell me parents? crunches only build up muscle underneath, they don't eliminate fat.
Laser Lipo results and risks? I was in with my gf while she was getting breast augmentation and was reading up on laser lipo. I'm thinking about getting some laser liposuction done on my abdomen area. Where can I find more reliable information from more than the people that are getting paid? Results before and afters maybe years down the road afters. It claims that it destroys the body's ability to store fat in the area its applied. I'm a heavy weight lifter and built like a bull in my upper torso but the same goes for my stomach. I have abs of steal with a coat of bull fat lol. I've killed myself in the gym for years and cardio 30 min 3-4 times a week and eat healthy still no results. I've even given up alcohol for like almost a year. I'm just sick of all the hard work I do go to waist and not want to take my shirt off because of my waist. A lot worse because of all the acai berry scams. some with none of the unproven extract at all or some that'll start you on a free trial then take your creditcard number and automatically mail you $300 of product in a month.
What should be covered under universal health care? Just the basics, or cosmetic surgery? Should overweight people be able to get liposuction? Laser eye surgery for sight problems? Breast implants?
What about the latest development in cosmetics - SmartLipo - laser lipolysis ? A revolutionary new way, using a laser, of removing excess fat from areas such as the 'double chin', 'love handles', tummy, thighs, etc without the trauma or expense associated with liposuction.
is laser lipolysis safe? laser lipolysis -a laser assisted liposuction has any long term side effects
Liposuction Course in India? IACSAM or the International Academy of Cosmetic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine is a reputed and highly popular organization throughout the world that is well known for developing highly qualified and skilled students. This organization is funded on private basis and it is comprised of highly eligible and competent cosmetic surgeons, dermatologists and cosmetologists. IACSAM offers Aesthetic Medicine Courses in India, Aesthetic Medicine Courses, Aesthetic Medicine Training, Botox Courses, Botox Training, Cosmetic Dentistry Courses, Cosmetic Dentistry Training, Cosmetic Dermatology Courses, Cosmetic Dermatology Training, Cosmetic Medicine Courses, Cosmetic Medicine Training, Dermal Fillers Course, Dermal Fillers Training, FUE Hair Transplant Training Course, Hair Transplant Courses, Hair Transplant Training, Laser Training Course, Liposuction Courses, Liposuction Training Courses, Liposuction Training, Medical Cosmetology Courses, Medical Cosmetology Training, Training in Aesthetic Medicine, Training in Cosmetic Dermatology, Training in Cosmetic Medicine http://www.aestheticmedicinecourses.com/
Can you clarify what my friend is achieving by selling his business for $1 to a relative? it's an llc medical spa that he has owned for 2 years. he has all the latest most expensive lasers and liposuction equipment, which he is heavily in debt over. his credit is not good with his debtors and some of his product lines have been cut. so, he is transferring title to his step-daughter supposedly for $1 and has hired another doctor to work there. what is he doing and is it legal? this guy always seems to be scamming. does the debt follow the business? can his step-daughter automatically re-open the credit lines that have been closed?
how to get rid of cellulite? how to get rid of soft cellulite??! please tell me! i would like to know of natural and effective methods! dont tell me things like laser, liposuction, pills, cream, go to a beauty salon for a massage and whatever shits. gimme practical things that a fifteen year old girl can do at home. thanks!
Suggest a name for Laser and Cosmetic Surgery centre...? I am opening a clinic with laser hair removal, facial rejuvenation, botox, fillers, scar removal, cosmetic surgeries like nose correction, liposuction, dimple creation etc etc......i would like to have your opinion regarding the name of the clinic.
How much would it cost to get this plastic surgery? ? If I wanted to get plastic surgery by a good reputable surgeon how much would it all cost: Nose job Lip injections Breast implants Laser liposuction on waist only
ok, i eat farily clean, i weight 115 at 5'2" work out 5 times a week, bikram, gym, rnning, restrict carbs and? restrict sodium, eat really clean. what more is there can do to lose 8 more pounds? the scale will not budge im starting to think liposuction (laser) any tips? please help, im really uncomfortable :(
Can money really make us more beautiful? We see all those makeover shows. It doesn't take long to realize that money creates improved physical beauty in almost everyone. Procedures like laser dental whitening, breast augmentation, nose jobs and liposuction cost bucks. So are all these stars we idolize really worthy of our attention and even lust? Don't they often cheat their way to beauty? Couldn't we easily become them, if only we had the money? Opinions please.
Can somebody give me some advice on plastic surgery in ireland? if you have any information on these procedures let me know: rhinoplasty varicose vein surgery liposuction on bum and thighs laser hair removal birthmark removal acne treatment has anyone in ireland had surgery done by auralia what are they like what are the prices for the above procedures.
How much is surgery for the stomach Abdominal area with slimlipo? So I just had male Breast surgery with Slimlipo laser liposuction and I look great the operation was $4800 but they gave me a discount and payed a total of $4000. Now am thinking about having slimlipo done to my abdominal stomach area to get the 6 PAC Abs. Has anybody had this done if so what's the total estimate for that procedure thanks.
has anyone had water jet assisted liposuction done..did you like the results..the cost and the recovery? ty!? it is the latest techique in liposuction assisted by water instead of lasers ect..has anyone had this done and tell me their experience..please no foreign adversements from india or where ever..im not flying out of the states to get surgery..thanks:)
Has anyone used Zerona laser? I am planning a wedding for this coming April and I have a consultation for Zerona next week. I am planning to diet and increase my exercise as well. I originally considered laser liposuction but then decided against that because it is much more expensive and I plan to have children so it seems like a waste of money (until after I have children anyway.) Zerona is much more affordable for me (the place I am going charges $1995 for 9 treatments.) I just want to see if anyone has done this and what your experience was like. Thanks! Just wanted to add that Zerona is not surgery, it is totally non-invasive. I am just looking to find out if it is worth the cost! Thanks!
Whats the difference between laser liposuction AND laser lipolysis? Also, is it a bit risky undertaking laser liposuction when its quite a new procedure?
Laser scar removal, does it work? I have both surgery scars and slight acne scars. I've heard that laser treatment could help get rid of them. I had liposuction a year ago and have horrible Purple brown scars on my legs that doesn't seem to want to go away. I have used so many creams and oils but they havent helped at all. So last resort i thought of laser. The thing is that there is so many types and brands out there not sure which one to try. I would really appreciate it if someone who has had this kind of treatment could fill me in, as i think talking to the clinics that provide these treatments is pointless as their trying to convince you so that they can make money. By the way I'm in London so info with regards to clinics and treatments in London would be fantastic
how to get rid of extra skin after liposuction and weight loss? I have underwent a major weight loss, i used to be 300lbs, now i'm around 170lbs using the crush diet( fruits)+normal excercise. I have stopped the extreme diet since 4months now I eat healthy (fruits, veggies, milk, protein), and excercise (cardio/weight). I also did a mini lipo on my chest and lower abdomen in feb 2007.The problem which i'm facing is that i seem to be having extra skin on my body (not the saggy type, only shows when skin is pulled), especially the top (breast, abs, arms). I know that the best way is through weight-lifting, which i'm doing already, but haven't really noticed much difference. I'm also wearing a special suit which is used after liposuction to hold the skin. So it could be three reasons why it's not going, either the suit, my excercise, or what i eat. Would appreciate some advise. i would also like to know if there's anything else that i can do to eliminate the excess skin (cream, medication, laser .etc)
Has anybody heard about or had smartlipo? It's a new laser treatment to get rid of excess fat instead of the liposuction.
Laser Liposuction - Doctors, Locations, Price! Help? Anyone know of a "board certified" laser liposuction surgeon in the Dallas Area? Average Price, Most Lbs to be removed, recovery time. Thanks
What are some good plastic surgeons in Northern, CA and the East Bay area? for procedures such as: -facial liposuction -regular body liposuction -skin laser treatments
how much does liposuction costs? I was watching real life and they had a girl who wanted lipo suction and I wanted to know how much it costs. And if it is cheaper and works better than the new laser lipo
what is the price of smart lipo in canada? i found out new way of liposuction which doesnt hurt , its some kind of laser which melt your fat . and im wondering how much is cost for one treatment on stomach part? im not fat i just got little bit more fat on my stomach and i wanna have it done . and also im wondering if they do monthly payment for that thanks
What kinds of Plastic Surgery can you get in Mexico that are SAFE and what is the cost vs the USA? I'm looking to get the following: 1) Laser Liposuction for the love handles, buttocks, and inner thighs, face and neck. I have hardly any fat but I want every drop gone on my entire body. Will it cost less if you have a low body fat rating? 2) Non surgical face Lift. (not old enough for a real one) 3) Laser Resurfacing for Acne Scars. I have some mild scarring from my teen years. 4) Subligation - fill in ice pick scars with existing skin or silicone. I have a few ice pick scars. 6) Remove cyst scar on face near nose. I had a cyst when I was 13 and left it alone. It just filled in with scar tissue. I'm not sure if this can be removed. 7) Shave down bone on left side of nose to straighten nose. I had my nose broken in a kick-boxing match (I had 16 ring matches) when I was 24. Over time it misshaped my nose. So I need MILD Rhinoplasty. Which ones are SAFE to get in MEXICO? What is the cost vs. Los Angeles? PLEASE HELP. I need to move on this quick. I'm concerned with SAFETY and quality of work over the price. But if the safety and quality is the same as Los Angeles I see no reasons to spend thousands of dollars more if I can get it in MEXICO for thousands less...
MEXICO PLASTIC SURGERY VS THE USA? I'm looking to get the following: 1) Laser Liposuction for the love handles, buttocks, and inner thighs, face and neck. I have hardly any fat but I want every drop gone on my entire body. Will it cost less if you have a low body fat rating? 2) Non surgical face Lift. (not old enough for a real one) 3) Laser Resurfacing for Acne Scars. I have some mild scarring from my teen years. 4) Subligation - fill in ice pick scars with existing skin or silicone. I have a few ice pick scars. 6) Remove cyst scar on face near nose. I had a cyst when I was 13 and left it alone. It just filled in with scar tissue. I'm not sure if this can be removed. 7) Shave down bone on left side of nose to straighten nose. I had my nose broken in a kick-boxing match (I had 16 ring matches) when I was 24. Over time it misshaped my nose. So I need MILD Rhinoplasty. Which ones are SAFE to get in MEXICO? What is the cost vs. Los Angeles? PLEASE HELP. I need to move on this quick. I'm concerned with SAFETY and quality of work over the price. But if the safety and quality is the same as Los Angeles I see no reasons to spend thousands of dollars more if I can get it in MEXICO for thousands less...
I want to know how much extra fat can be removed by Laser Liposuction? I want to know how much extra fat can be removed by Laser Liposuction? And Also want to know how much time it would take to see the results?
Is it real or a scam? This question is regarding the SlimRay Home Laser Liposuction thingie. Has anyone heard about it/used it and know if it's for real? >_> I'm veeeerrry skeptical, but their site looks legit enough I guess. Here's what I looked at: http://visol.com/en/products/Slimray.htm... Please no rude answers, I'm not planning on buying it lol, I just want to know a)If it's just another scam, and b)If people have used it and what results they got. ^^ Please at least take a look at the link before answering. Thank you~!
If you had to have surgery....? If you had to have plastic surgery... What would you have done? e.g. Nose job, Lip plump, breast enlargement, hair transplant, laser hair removal, liposuction, tummy tuck, breast reduction, penis enlargement, eye lift, face reconstruction etc... Btw i havnt got all of the surgerys up there there are way more... i just cant think of any =S Tannia x
I need excess skin removed from my stomach.? Ok well I am 6 foot 6 and I used to weigh 320 pounds. Then I went on a hardcore strict died and boot camp program. I quit eating and was exercising about 4-6 hours a day. I lost over 100 pounds in only a couple months. Because I lost all that weight so fast I had excess skin on my stomach and I wouldn't stop losing weight until I had a flat stomach but I did not know it was excess skin, I thought it was fat so I kept on losing more and more weight and ended up being hospitalized. Well now that I have recovered finally and gained some weight back and am feeling great, I need to know how to remove that excess skin. It is stopping me from getting the body I want. I have looked into it and the only possible ways of getting rid of it are by Liposuction and Laser treatment. These are damn costly and leave scars and the laser treatment is not even guaranteed to work and costs like $8000. If anyone knows any possible ways that work 100% and will get rid of it tell me please. Even if its exercise or whatever. I don't care. I just need professional advice on how to get rid of it. PLEASE, only professional advice. Here is a link to my stomach just so you have a better understanding of what the situation is. http://img22.imageshack.us/img22/3309/172513.jpg
plastic surgery loose skin alternative? well i have two kids and its been a about a year and ive worked out a lot. my tummy is flat but i still have some extra skin. not like scary extra skin just a little ive heard of liposuction with laser ... i think thats what it was and alll that stuff so i guess what i am really tryin to ask is if there is something out there to make my skin tighter.. ? any suggestions..??? creams... anything. i dont care how much ive been saving money on the side for it so yea.. YOU KNOW.... BEFOR I CONSIDER PLASTIC SURGERY. serious questions only...
How can i tell my wife that time has not been kind to her and that she might require? a tuneup? Nothing too dramatic just a Brow Lift, Collagen Injection, Eyelid Surgery, Facelift Forehead, Lift, Hylaform Laser Hair Removal, Latisse, Lip Augmentation, Otoplasty, Restylane Surgery, Rhinoplasty, Breast Implants, Breast Lift, Nipple Augmentattion, Labiaplasty, Laser Hair Removal, Liposuction, Power Assisted Lipoplasty, Sclerotherapy, Tummy Tuck Umbilicoplasty and a Vaginal Rejuvenation
XF : Would YOU have surgery to go through ...? http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/xfactor/a175283/x-factor-hopeful-has-surgery-for-show.html Auditioned in 2004, Simon said he wished he could have her voice in someone else's body ... She has had laser treatment on her face, liposuction, and a personal trainer and has came back ... But would YOU do it ?
ABOUT HOW MUCH WOULD THIS COST (PLASTIC SURGERY)? BRAZILIAN BUTT AUGMENTATION BREAST LIFT LASER TREATMENTS (TO REMOVE SCARS) LIPOSUCTION BOTOX IN UPPER LIP ONLY
Can you join the military having had cosmetic surgery? I have a girlfriend who had breast implants and wants to join the military, it's not a preexisting condition, not medical, just something she wanted. This also goes for other cosmetic procedures, liposuction, tummy tuck, bow-lift etc. If it's cosmetic, not a preexisting medical condition, you can have tattoos, why not plastic surgery? Does anyone know if you should not disclose the information about plastic surgery to guarantee getting in (i.e. my friend doesn't tell them about her surgeries and hopes her boobs don't pop) or if you should bring it in the open and let your examining doctor know? I know plenty of people who have serious mental and physical issues, go off their medications "hide" their conditions, lie to the recruiter and doctor and then pretend that they all of a sudden developed a psychological or physical disorder for which they are treated by the branch they joined, how does this work with cosmetic surgery, should I tell my friend to sweep it under the rug and as I said hope she doesn't have a pop, I mean in theory, she could have them done during a long enough leave, she's not a child needing permission from the government to have her breasts done or liposuction etc. I have had laser hair removal, as well as laser tattoo and scar removal, what about that? What if I want a Brazilian Butt lift (I too am joining, a different branch, she's going Navy.) Do I have to tell them I had a butt lift prior to joining, I mean if I survive with no issues there are no preexisting conditions, right? Thanks
Why would my skin doctor give me an ophthalmic ointment which is commonly used on dogs for my zits? Here's the thing... Whenever i have a huge breakout (due to a hormonal imbalance), i would go to this dermatologist in an aesthetic clinic (where they provide services like chemical peeling, botox, liposuction, collagen boost, etc) to laser on my huge zit. So every time after the doctor "laser" on my zit, his assistant would apply on a cream/ointment and also give some of it to me as a two day supply to be applied on the lasered zits, supposedly somekind of antibiotic/antiseptic cream i guess? So this time they gave it to me in its original packaging. It's called "Terramycin": Ophthalmic Ointment. (by Pfizer) I felt weird that i have to use an ophthalmic ointment for my skin, so just now i googled on "terramycin ophthalmic ointment". I was so surprised to see that all the search results conveys that this ophthalmic ointment is normally used on dogs. Even all the websites that shows up are all vet and pet websites. I don't think this make sense at all. Can someone perhaps with a medical background or experience in this matter enlighten me with a convincing answer please?
Why would my skin doctor give me ophthalmic ointment which is commonly used on dogs for my zits? Here's the thing... Whenever i have a huge breakout (due to a hormonal imbalance), i would go to this dermatologist in an aesthetic clinic (where they provide services like chemical peeling, botox, liposuction, collagen boost, etc) to laser on my huge zit. So every time after the doctor "laser" on my zit, his assistant would apply on a cream/ointment and also give some of it to me as a two day supply to be applied on the lasered zits, supposedly somekind of antibiotic/antiseptic cream i guess? So this time they gave it to me in its original packaging. It's called "Terramycin": Ophthalmic Ointment. (by Pfizer) I felt weird that i have to use an ophthalmic ointment for my skin, so just now i googled on "terramycin ophthalmic ointment". I was so surprised to see that all the search results conveys that this ophthalmic ointment is normally used on dogs. Even all the websites that shows up are all vet and pet websites. I don't think this make sense at all. Can someone perhaps with a medical background or experience in this matter enlighten me with a convincing answer please? Dear Robert, I have been on hormone pills for a year before, yet i stopped taking it as i could no longer stand its extremely dangerous side-effects. It causes me so many other pains, including chest pain, leg cramps, weight gain, moodiness etc. Also, if used in the long run, it might affect my fertility. So as i just quit using this medicine few months ago and decided to live to time to heal it or stabilize it naturally...my period/ menstruation goes haywire again and huge zits (only one at a time though) comes back again. This situation is exactly what i have faced for a while before i took the hormone pills. It means that even after a year of harsh medication, it has not still cured the problem. Anyway, thank you for telling me about your tail and neighing.
premature ageing - can someone please take time to help ! !? im getting tired of asking this question and getting no answers . im 32 but i feel life's stress has aged me early in the face - dark lines under eyes , frown lines on forehead , skin blemishes , dry, pasty , looking skin, open pores . i also have a prominent double chin. what's the best way to go ? - dermabrasion , laser treatment ? a face lift ? chin liposuction ? - some other surgery ? unfortunately i can't afford any of those surgical procedures right now because im on a fixed income, so i would have to save a lot for quite a bit. for now should i settle with a skin cleansing regime ? if so what ? could anybody advise what good face skin cleansing regimes to invest in , maybe like a good face wash, moisturiser and sun screen , ? if so what brands ? and finally how to use them anyone know best ? thanks
What can you do for a double chin and a premature ageing? im 32 but i feel life's stress has aged me early in the face - dark lines under eyes , wrinkled skin on forehead , frownlines , skin belemishes , dry, pasty , pale looking skin. i also have a prominent double chin. what's the best way to go ? - dermabrasion , laser treatment ? a face lift ? chin liposuction ? unfortunately i can't afford any of those surgical procedures right now because im on a fixed income, so i would have to save a lot for quite a bit. for now should i settle with a skin cleansing regime ? if so what ? could anybody advise what good face skin cleansing regimes to invest in , maybe like a good face wash, moisturiser and sun screen , ? if so what brands ? and finally how to use them anyone know best ? thanks
what can you do for a double chin and a premature ageing? im 32 but i feel life's stress has aged me early in the face - dark lines under eyes , wrinkled skin on forehead , frownlines , skin belemishes , dry, pasty , pale looking skin. i also have a prominent double chin. what's the best way to go ? - dermabrasion , laser treatment ? a face lift ? chin liposuction ? unfortunately i can't afford any of those surgical procedures right now because im on a fixed income, so i would have to save a lot for quite a bit. for now should i settle with a skin cleansing regime ? if so what ? could anybody advise what good face skin cleansing regimes to invest in , maybe like a good face wash, moisturiser and sun screen , ? if so what brands ? and finally how to use them anyone know best ? thanks
Is this a bad plan? Grown women pls help!? I am 20 and deathly afraid. I have never had a bf and most guys stay afar off and check me out but never come and ask me out . I am not wholly unfortunate looking i have nice eyes and high cheekbones, great smile. The problem is i'm 5'5" and 190 lbs with rollage going on on my back, neck and everywhere, i kind of have skin issues too. I'm worried that if i don't something drastic to change my appearance i'll end up like my cousin 39 and no man. Mom says just wait on GOD but she married @ 22! So i'm going to lose weight and get to 125 lbs (65 to lose) and then think about liposuction for the areas where the fat still won't come off and fat transfer for those areas like my butt which have little volume. Then i plan to do chemical peels or laser to get rid of acne scars. What are my chances after doing this that i'll find somebody before time runs out? Do you find that life (esp dating) gets better for people who you know that were formerly fat after they lost weight?
If You Won $100,000,000 ......? If you won $100,000,000 in the lottery, what would you do with all that money? I Would give my parents and my brother a quarter of it. Donate another quarter to various churches, gay/lesbian organizations, and animal shelters/rescue groups. With the remaining $50 million, I'd put half in to a savings account, and spend the remaining $25 million on myself right away....... A brand new Hyundai Tiburon, a Hummer H3, 50 acres on a mountain in PA, build and decorate my dream home in the middle of the 50 acres, buy 3 vacations homes - one in Cape May, NJ, one in Virginia Beach, VA, and one in Daytona Beach, FL. I'd get liposuction, Lasik eye surgery, breast reduction, rhinoplasty, septoplasty, laser hair removal, weekly spa treatments. My boyfriend could retire early and I'd get him a professional dietician and personal trainer. I'd like to buy a fixer upper apartment building, fix it up, and make it available to homeless people for free. The more detailed your answer, the better chance I'll give you the 10 points. Just saying "I'll have a big party" or "I'll go to the mall" isn't going to get you the 10 points. Good luck!
Rate my new rap that i posted on mr. lifs website.? My Lyrical cranium is combined with uranium to be my nuclear weapon/ It Murderes weak rappers by attacking there cerrebrum and desenegrates there rap state of mind like liposuction/ It will be painful not like a Euthanasia injection like a laser beaming at your rectum/ It will be so powerful you'll fell the vibration thru your feet and dogs will get heat/ The airplanes could not take off on there fleet they will have to leave 10 hours late and the restrooms will be flooded so they cant masturbate/ 5 bars into this rap I'm surprised that your still Reading and your spinal cord hasn't snapped/ And your bones haven't collapsed like the twin towers/ The smell is sour from all the people that died by Reading this i wish my death technique could freeze them/ Frostbitten in Antarctica in the snow but now the people there going to get a surprised like when the titanic go/ My flow RICOCHET off the sun sent high powered solar rays to Antarctica and sent the snow a BLAZE/ And if i keep spitting it ain't going to stop it ain't going to change/ And you should see me when i actually unleash my range/ That the batting cage becomes the batter and the batter becomes the batting cage/ And that the rain Gage burned that the fire falling from the sky/ That the high guys could out of there stage when they saw the meteorite falling from the sky/ And was about to hit them like a bank and bonnie and Clyde/ Now where about to take a little ride/ Now if your a parent please put your babies to rest/ Because in 24 hours we will all be deceased/ And there won't be no resurrection because i can't stop spitting/ Now go spend some times with your family or go do some reading/ So you can reverse my spell and everything can be well/ But thats going to take a miracle/ Like if a tiger joins pride rock/ Will you can at least try go!/ 1-10
natural sculpting system, Can it really work or is it a scam? I have been doing alot of research of laser lipo/Smart Lipo, and I came across : http://www.beatsliposuction.com/liposuction.asp I called to ask questions about this "natural sculpting system" , which you basically sleep in tight cloth that has some herbs and stuff in it. Even if this gets rid of the extra water in my body wont that make me look skinner? I work out twice a day, eat healthy but I want results faster ( going out of town soon. ) Let me know what you think, if you have done this product before or even if you know of any other solution. I wont love to do smart lipo, but dont know if I have enough time and plus the cost. Thanks again!
In The Name Of Beauty..? A list of the thing's us gals do... All in the name of beauty. Hair Removal: Wax. Epilating. Laser Hair Removal. IPL. Shaving. Any of the above on ALL areas- Legs, Thighs, Arms, Armpits, Eyebrows, Bikini OR Brazillian. Hair: Weekly deep conditioning treatment, Dye, Straightening, Chemical straightening, Curling, Perms, Professional cut. Skin: Moisturise daily, Cleanse daily, Exfoliate weekly, IPL, Facials, Make up such as- Foundation, Concealer, Mascara, Eyeliner, Blush, Lip balm/Lip gloss, Lipstick, Eyeshadow. And finally The Tan- Solarium, Spray, Mousse, Other... Nails: Gel nails, Manicure, Pedicure, Nail Polish. Cosmetic/Plastic Surgery: Fake breasts, Liposuction, Chemical Peel, Face lift, Botox, Vaginal rejuvination, Tummy Tuck, Body lift. Facial implants, Fillers. And these are only the ones i can think of ! Are we MAD!? Above are a selection of things which women really do.
Do you belong to the "new Church of Global Warming"? "Aliens Cause Global Warming" A lecture by Michael Crichton California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA January 17, 2003 My topic today sounds humorous but unfortunately I am serious. I am going to argue that extraterrestrials lie behind global warming. Or to speak more precisely, I will argue that a belief in extraterrestrials has paved the way, in a progression of steps, to a belief in global warming. Charting this progression of belief will be my task today. Let me say at once that I have no desire to discourage anyone from believing in either extraterrestrials or global warming. That would be quite impossible to do. Rather, I want to discuss the history of several widely-publicized beliefs and to point to what I consider an emerging crisis in the whole enterprise of science-namely the increasingly uneasy relationship between hard science and public policy. I have a special interest in this because of my own upbringing. I was born in the midst of World War II, and passed my formative years at the height of the Cold War. In school drills, I dutifully crawled under my desk in preparation for a nuclear attack. It was a time of widespread fear and uncertainty, but even as a child I believed that science represented the best and greatest hope for mankind. Even to a child, the contrast was clear between the world of politics-a world of hate and danger, of irrational beliefs and fears, of mass manipulation and disgraceful blots on human history. In contrast, science held different values-international in scope, forging friendships and working relationships across national boundaries and political systems, encouraging a dispassionate habit of thought, and ultimately leading to fresh knowledge and technology that would benefit all mankind. The world might not be avery good place, but science would make it better. And it did. In my lifetime, science has largely fulfilled its promise. Science has been the great intellectual adventure of our age, and a great hope for our troubled and restless world. But I did not expect science merely to extend lifespan, feed the hungry, cure disease, and shrink the world with jets and cell phones. I also expected science to banish the evils of human thought---prejudice and superstition, irrational beliefs and false fears. I expected science to be, in Carl Sagan's memorable phrase, "a candle in a demon haunted world." And here, I am not so pleased with the impact of science. Rather than serving as a cleansing force, science has in some instances been seduced by the more ancient lures of politics and publicity. Some of the demons that haunt our world in recent years are invented by scientists. The world has not benefited from permitting these demons to escape free. But let's look at how it came to pass. Cast your minds back to 1960. John F. Kennedy is president, commercial jet airplanes are just appearing, the biggest university mainframes have 12K of memory. And in Green Bank, West Virginia at the new National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a young astrophysicist named Frank Drake runs a two week project called Ozma, to search for extraterrestrial signals. A signal is received, to great excitement. It turns out to be false, but the excitement remains. In 1960, Drake organizes the first SETI conference, and came up with the now-famous Drake equation: N=N*fp ne fl fi fc fL Where N is the number of stars in the Milky Way galaxy; fp is the fraction with planets; ne is the number of planets per star capable of supporting life; fl is the fraction of planets where life evolves; fi is the fraction where intelligent life evolves; and fc is the fraction that communicates; and fL is the fraction of the planet's life during which the communicating civilizations live. This serious-looking equation gave SETI an serious footing as a legitimate intellectual inquiry. The problem, of course, is that none of the terms can be known, and most cannot even be estimated. The only way to work the equation is to fill in with guesses. And guesses-just so we're clear-are merely expressions of prejudice. Nor can there be "informed guesses." If you need to state how many planets with life choose to communicate, there is simply no way to make an informed guess. It's simply prejudice. As a result, the Drake equation can have any value from "billions and billions" to zero. An expression that can mean anything means nothing. Speaking precisely, the Drake equation is literally meaningless, and has nothing to do with science. I take the hard view that science involves the creation of testable hypotheses. The Drake equation cannot be tested and therefore SETI is not science. SETI is unquestionably a religion. Faith is defined as the firm belief in something for which there is no proof. The belief that the Koran is the word of God is a matter of faith. The belief that God created the universe in seven days is a matter of faith. The belief that there are other life forms in the universe is a matter of faith. There is not a single shred of evidence for any other life forms, and in forty years of searching, none has been discovered. There is absolutely no evidentiary reason to maintain this belief. SETI is a religion. One way to chart the cooling of enthusiasm is to review popular works on the subject. In 1964, at the height of SETI enthusiasm, Walter Sullivan of the NY Times wrote an exciting book about life in the universe entitled WE ARE NOT ALONE. By 1995, when Paul Davis wrote a book on the same subject, he titled it ARE WE ALONE? ( Since 1981, there have in fact been four books titled ARE WE ALONE.) More recently we have seen the rise of the so-called "Rare Earth" theory which suggests that we may, in fact, be all alone. Again, there is no evidence either way. Back in the sixties, SETI had its critics, although not among astrophysicists and astronomers. The biologists and paleontologists were harshest. George Gaylord Simpson of Harvard sneered that SETI was a "study without a subject," and it remains so to the present day. But scientists in general have been indulgent toward SETI, viewing it either with bemused tolerance, or with indifference. After all, what's the big deal? It's kind of fun. If people want to look, let them. Only a curmudgeon would speak harshly of SETI. It wasn't worth the bother. And of course it is true that untestable theories may have heuristic value. Of course extraterrestrials are a good way to teach science to kids. But that does not relieve us of the obligation to see the Drake equation clearly for what it is-pure speculation in quasi-scientific trappings. The fact that the Drake equation was not greeted with screams of outrage-similar to the screams of outrage that greet each Creationist new claim, for example-meant that now there was a crack in the door, a loosening of the definition of what constituted legitimate scientific procedure. And soon enough, pernicious garbage began to squeeze through the cracks. Now let's jump ahead a decade to the 1970s, and Nuclear Winter. In 1975, the National Academy of Sciences reported on "Long-Term Worldwide Effects of Multiple Nuclear Weapons Detonations" but the report estimated the effect of dust from nuclear blasts to be relatively minor. In 1979, the Office of Technology Assessment issued a report on "The Effects of Nuclear War" and stated that nuclear war could perhaps produce irreversible adverse consequences on the environment. However, because the scientific processes involved were poorly understood, the report stated it was not possible to estimate the probable magnitude of such damage. Three years later, in 1982, the Swedish Academy of Sciences commissioned a report entitled "The Atmosphere after a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon," which attempted to quantify the effect of smoke from burning forests and cities. The authors speculated that there would be so much smoke that a large cloud over the northern hemisphere would reduce incoming sunlight below the level required for photosynthesis, and that this would last for weeks or even longer. The following year, five scientists including Richard Turco and Carl Sagan published a paper in Science called "Nuclear Winter: Global Consequences of Multiple Nuclear Explosions." This was the so-called TTAPS report, which attempted to quantify more rigorously the atmospheric effects, with the added credibility to be gained from an actual computer model of climate. At the heart of the TTAPS undertaking was another equation, never specifically expressed, but one that could be paraphrased as follows: Ds = Wn Ws Wh Tf Tb Pt Pr Pe… etc (The amount of tropospheric dust=# warheads x size warheads x warhead detonation height x flammability of targets x Target burn duration x Particles entering the Troposphere x Particle reflectivity x Particle endurance…and so on.) The similarity to the Drake equation is striking. As with the Drake equation, none of the variables can be determined. None at all. The TTAPS study addressed this problem in part by mapping out different wartime scenarios and assigning numbers to some of the variables, but even so, the remaining variables were-and are-simply unknowable. Nobody knows how much smoke will be generated when cities burn, creating particles of what kind, and for how long. No one knows the effect of local weather conditions on the amount of particles that will be injected into the troposphere. No one knows how long the particles will remain in the troposphere. And so on. And remember, this is only four years after the OTA study concluded that the underlying scientific processes were so poorly known that no estimates could be reliably made. Nevertheless, the TTAPS study not only made those estimates, but concluded they were catastrophic. According to Sagan and his coworkers, even a limited 5,000 megaton nuclear exchange would cause a global temperature drop of more than 35 degrees Centigrade, and this change would last for three months. The greatest volcanic eruptions that we know of changed world temperatures somewhere between .5 and 2 degrees Centigrade. Ice ages changed global temperatures by 10 degrees. Here we have an estimated change three times greater than any ice age. One might expect it to be the subject of some dispute. But Sagan and his coworkers were prepared, for nuclear winter was from the outset the subject of a well-orchestrated media campaign. The first announcement of nuclear winter appeared in an article by Sagan in the Sunday supplement, Parade. The very next day, a highly-publicized, high-profile conference on the long-term consequences of nuclear war was held in Washington, chaired by Carl Sagan and Paul Ehrlich, the most famous and media-savvy scientists of their generation. Sagan appeared on the Johnny Carson show 40 times. Ehrlich was on 25 times. Following the conference, there were press conferences, meetings with congressmen, and so on. The formal papers in Science came months later. This is not the way science is done, it is the way products are sold. The real nature of the conference is indicated by these artists' renderings of the the effect of nuclear winter. I cannot help but quote the caption for figure 5: "Shown here is a tranquil scene in the north woods. A beaver has just completed its dam, two black bears forage for food, a swallow-tailed butterfly flutters in the foreground, a loon swims quietly by, and a kingfisher searches for a tasty fish." Hard science if ever there was. At the conference in Washington, during the question period, Ehrlich was reminded that after Hiroshima and Nagasaki, scientists were quoted as saying nothing would grow there for 75 years, but in fact melons were growing the next year. So, he was asked, how accurate were these findings now? Ehrlich answered by saying "I think they are extremely robust. Scientists may have made statements like that, although I cannot imagine what their basis would have been, even with the state of science at that time, but scientists are always making absurd statements, individually, in various places. What we are doing here, however, is presenting a consensus of a very large group of scientists…" I want to pause here and talk about this notion of consensus, and the rise of what has been called consensus science. I regard consensus science as an extremely pernicious development that ought to be stopped cold in its tracks. Historically, the claim of consensus has been the first refuge of scoundrels; it is a way to avoid debate by claiming that the matter is already settled. Whenever you hear the consensus of scientists agrees on something or other, reach for your wallet, because you're being had. Let's be clear: the work of science has nothing whatever to do with consensus. Consensus is the business of politics. Science, on the contrary, requires only one investigator who happens to be right, which means that he or she has results that are verifiable by reference to the real world. In science consensus is irrelevant. What is relevant is reproducible results. The greatest scientists in history are great precisely because they broke with the consensus. There is no such thing as consensus science. If it's consensus, it isn't science. If it's science, it isn't consensus. Period. In addition, let me remind you that the track record of the consensus is nothing to be proud of. Let's review a few cases. In past centuries, the greatest killer of women was fever following childbirth . One woman in six died of this fever. In 1795, Alexander Gordon of Aberdeen suggested that the fevers were infectious processes, and he was able to cure them. The consensus said no. In 1843, Oliver Wendell Holmes claimed puerperal fever was contagious, and presented compellng evidence. The consensus said no. In 1849, Semmelweiss demonstrated that sanitary techniques virtually eliminated puerperal fever in hospitals under his management. The consensus said he was a Jew, ignored him, and dismissed him from his post. There was in fact no agreement on puerperal fever until the start of the twentieth century. Thus the consensus took one hundred and twenty five years to arrive at the right conclusion despite the efforts of the prominent "skeptics" around the world, skeptics who were demeaned and ignored. And despite the constant ongoing deaths of women. There is no shortage of other examples. In the 1920s in America, tens of thousands of people, mostly poor, were dying of a disease called pellagra. The consensus of scientists said it was infectious, and what was necessary was to find the "pellagra germ." The US government asked a brilliant young investigator, Dr. Joseph Goldberger, to find the cause. Goldberger concluded that diet was the crucial factor. The consensus remained wedded to the germ theory. Goldberger demonstrated that he could induce the disease through diet. He demonstrated that the disease was not infectious by injecting the blood of a pellagra patient into himself, and his assistant. They and other volunteers swabbed their noses with swabs from pellagra patients, and swallowed capsules containing scabs from pellagra rashes in what were called "Goldberger's filth parties." Nobody contracted pellagra. The consensus continued to disagree with him. There was, in addition, a social factor-southern States disliked the idea of poor diet as the cause, because it meant that social reform was required. They continued to deny it until the 1920s. Result-despite a twentieth century epidemic, the consensus took years to see the light. Probably every schoolchild notices that South America and Africa seem to fit together rather snugly, and Alfred Wegener proposed, in 1912, that the continents had in fact drifted apart. The consensus sneered at continental drift for fifty years. The theory was most vigorously denied by the great names of geology-until 1961, when it began to seem as if the sea floors were spreading. The result: it took the consensus fifty years to acknowledge what any schoolchild sees. And shall we go on? The examples can be multiplied endlessly. Jenner and smallpox, Pasteur and germ theory. Saccharine, margarine, repressed memory, fiber and colon cancer, hormone replacement therap6y…the list of consensus errors goes on and on. Finally, I would remind you to notice where the claim of consensus is invoked. Consensus is invoked only in situations where the science is not solid enough. Nobody says the consensus of scientists agrees that E=mc2. Nobody says the consensus is that the sun is 93 million miles away. It would never occur to anyone to speak that way. But back to our main subject. What I have been suggesting to you is that nuclear winter was a meaningless formula, tricked out with bad science, for policy ends. It was political from the beginning, promoted in a well-orchestrated media campaign that had to be planned weeks or months in advance. Further evidence of the political nature of the whole project can be found in the response to criticism. Although Richard Feynman was characteristically blunt, saying, "I really don't think these guys know what they're talking about," other prominent scientists were noticeably reticent. Freeman Dyson was quoted as saying "It's an absolutely atrocious piece of science but…who wants to be accused of being in favor of nuclear war?" And Victor Weisskopf said, "The science is terrible but---perhaps the psychology is good." The nuclear winter team followed up the publication of such comments with letters to the editors denying that these statements were ever made, though the scientists since then have subsequently confirmed their views. At the time, there was a concerted desire on the part of lots of people to avoid nuclear war. If nuclear winter looked awful, why investigate too closely? Who wanted to disagree? Only people like Edward Teller, the "father of the H bomb." Teller said, "While it is generally recognized that details are still uncertain and deserve much more study, Dr. Sagan nevertheless has taken the position that the whole scenario is so robust that there can be little doubt about its main conclusions." Yet for most people, the fact that nuclear winter was a scenario riddled with uncertainties did not seem to be relevant. I say it is hugely relevant. Once you abandon strict adherence to what science tells us, once you start arranging the truth in a press conference, then anything is possible. In one context, maybe you will get some mobilization against nuclear war. But in another context, you get Lysenkoism. In another, you get Nazi euthanasia. The danger is always there, if you subvert science to political ends. That is why it is so important for the future of science that the line between what science can say with certainty, and what it cannot, be drawn clearly-and defended. What happened to Nuclear Winter? As the media glare faded, its robust scenario appeared less persuasive; John Maddox, editor of Nature, repeatedly criticized its claims; within a year, Stephen Schneider, one of the leading figures in the climate model, began to speak of "nuclear autumn." It just didn't have the same ring. A final media embarrassment came in 1991, when Carl Sagan predicted on Nightline that Kuwaiti oil fires would produce a nuclear winter effect, causing a "year without a summer," and endangering crops around the world. Sagan stressed this outcome was so likely that "it should affect the war plans." None of it happened. What, then, can we say were the lessons of Nuclear Winter? I believe the lesson was that with a catchy name, a strong policy position and an aggressive media campaign, nobody will dare to criticize the science, and in short order, a terminally weak thesis will be established as fact. After that, any criticism becomes beside the point. The war is already over without a shot being fired. That was the lesson, and we had a textbook application soon afterward, with second hand smoke. In 1993, the EPA announced that second-hand smoke was "responsible for approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths each year in nonsmoking adults," and that it " impairs the respiratory health of hundreds of thousands of people." In a 1994 pamphlet the EPA said that the eleven studies it based its decision on were not by themselves conclusive, and that they collectively assigned second-hand smoke a risk factor of 1.19. (For reference, a risk factor below 3.0 is too small for action by the EPA. or for publication in the New England Journal of Medicine, for example.) Furthermore, since there was no statistical association at the 95% confidence limits, the EPA lowered the limit to 90%. They then classified second hand smoke as a Group A Carcinogen. This was openly fraudulent science, but it formed the basis for bans on smoking in restaurants, offices, and airports. California banned public smoking in 1995. Soon, no claim was too extreme. By 1998, the Christian Science Monitor was saying that "Second-hand smoke is the nation's third-leading preventable cause of death." The American Cancer Society announced that 53,000 people died each year of second-hand smoke. The evidence for this claim is nonexistent. In 1998, a Federal judge held that the EPA had acted improperly, had "committed to a conclusion before research had begun", and had "disregarded information and made findings on selective information." The reaction of Carol Browner, head of the EPA was: "We stand by our science….there's wide agreement. The American people certainly recognize that exposure to second hand smoke brings…a whole host of health problems." Again, note how the claim of consensus trumps science. In this case, it isn't even a consensus of scientists that Browner evokes! It's the consensus of the American people. Meanwhile, ever-larger studies failed to confirm any association. A large, seven-country WHO study in 1998 found no association. Nor have well-controlled subsequent studies, to my knowledge. Yet we now read, for example, that second hand smoke is a cause of breast cancer. At this point you can say pretty much anything you want about second-hand smoke. As with nuclear winter, bad science is used to promote what most people would consider good policy. I certainly think it is. I don't want people smoking around me. So who will speak out against banning second-hand smoke? Nobody, and if you do, you'll be branded a shill of RJ Reynolds. A big tobacco flunky. But the truth is that we now have a social policy supported by the grossest of superstitions. And we've given the EPA a bad lesson in how to behave in the future. We've told them that cheating is the way to succeed. As the twentieth century drew to a close, the connection between hard scientific fact and public policy became increasingly elastic. In part this was possible because of the complacency of the scientific profession; in part because of the lack of good science education among the public; in part, because of the rise of specialized advocacy groups which have been enormously effective in getting publicity and shaping policy; and in great part because of the decline of the media as an independent assessor of fact. The deterioration of the American media is dire loss for our country. When distinguished institutions like the New York Times can no longer differentiate between factual content and editorial opinion, but rather mix both freely on their front page, then who will hold anyone to a higher standard? And so, in this elastic anything-goes world where science-or non-science-is the hand maiden of questionable public policy, we arrive at last at global warming. It is not my purpose here to rehash the details of this most magnificent of the demons haunting the world. I would just remind you of the now-familiar pattern by which these things are established. Evidentiary uncertainties are glossed over in the unseemly rush for an overarching policy, and for grants to support the policy by delivering findings that are desired by the patron. Next, the isolation of those scientists who won't get with the program, and the characterization of those scientists as outsiders and "skeptics" in quotation marks-suspect individuals with suspect motives, industry flunkies, reactionaries, or simply anti-environmental nutcases. In short order, debate ends, even though prominent scientists are uncomfortable about how things are being done. When did "skeptic" become a dirty word in science? When did a skeptic require quotation marks around it? To an outsider, the most significant innovation in the global warming controversy is the overt reliance that is being placed on models. Back in the days of nuclear winter, computer models were invoked to add weight to a conclusion: "These results are derived with the help of a computer model." But now large-scale computer models are seen as generating data in themselves. No longer are models judged by how well they reproduce data from the real world-increasingly, models provide the data. As if they were themselves a reality. And indeed they are, when we are projecting forward. There can be no observational data about the year 2100. There are only model runs. This fascination with computer models is something I understand very well. Richard Feynmann called it a disease. I fear he is right. Because only if you spend a lot of time looking at a computer screen can you arrive at the complex point where the global warming debate now stands. Nobody believes a weather prediction twelve hours ahead. Now we're asked to believe a prediction that goes out 100 years into the future? And make financial investments based on that prediction? Has everybody lost their minds? Stepping back, I have to say the arrogance of the modelmakers is breathtaking. There have been, in every century, scientists who say they know it all. Since climate may be a chaotic system-no one is sure-these predictions are inherently doubtful, to be polite. But more to the point, even if the models get the science spot-on, they can never get the sociology. To predict anything about the world a hundred years from now is simply absurd. Look: If I was selling stock in a company that I told you would be profitable in 2100, would you buy it? Or would you think the idea was so crazy that it must be a scam? Let's think back to people in 1900 in, say, New York. If they worried about people in 2000, what would they worry about? Probably: Where would people get enough horses? And what would they do about all the horseshit? Horse pollution was bad in 1900, think how much worse it would be a century later, with so many more people riding horses? But of course, within a few years, nobody rode horses except for sport. And in 2000, France was getting 80% its power from an energy source that was unknown in 1900. Germany, Switzerland, Belgium and Japan were getting more than 30% from this source, unknown in 1900. Remember, people in 1900 didn't know what an atom was. They didn't know its structure. They also didn't know what a radio was, or an airport, or a movie, or a television, or a computer, or a cell phone, or a jet, an antibiotic, a rocket, a satellite, an MRI, ICU, IUD, IBM, IRA, ERA, EEG, EPA, IRS, DOD, PCP, HTML, internet. interferon, instant replay, remote sensing, remote control, speed dialing, gene therapy, gene splicing, genes, spot welding, heat-seeking, bipolar, prozac, leotards, lap dancing, email, tape recorder, CDs, airbags, plastic explosive, plastic, robots, cars, liposuction, transduction, superconduction, dish antennas, step aerobics, smoothies, twelve-step, ultrasound, nylon, rayon, teflon, fiber optics, carpal tunnel, laser surgery, laparoscopy, corneal transplant, kidney transplant, AIDS… None of this would have meant anything to a person in the year 1900. They wouldn't know what you are talking about. Now. You tell me you can predict the world of 2100. Tell me it's even worth thinking about. Our models just carry the present into the future. They're bound to be wrong. Everybody who gives a moment's thought knows it. I remind you that in the lifetime of most scientists now living, we have already had an example of dire predictions set aside by new technology. I refer to the green revolution. In 1960, Paul Ehrlich said, "The battle to feed humanity is over. In the 1970s the world will undergo famines-hundreds of millions of people are going to starve to death." Ten years later, he predicted four billion people would die during the 1980s, including 65 million Americans. The mass starvation that was predicted never occurred, and it now seems it isn't ever going to happen. Nor is the population explosion going to reach the numbers predicted even ten years ago. In 1990, climate modelers anticipated a world population of 11 billion by 2100. Today, some people think the correct number will be 7 billion and falling. But nobody knows for sure. But it is impossible to ignore how closely the history of global warming fits on the previous template for nuclear winter. Just as the earliest studies of nuclear winter stated that the uncertainties were so great that probabilites could never be known, so, too the first pronouncements on global warming argued strong limits on what could be determined with certainty about climate change. The 1995 IPCC draft report said, "Any claims of positive detection of significant climate change are likely to remain controversial until uncertainties in the total natural variability of the climate system are reduced." It also said, "No study to date has positively attributed all or part of observed climate changes to anthropogenic causes." Those statements were removed, and in their place appeared: "The balance of evidence suggests a discernable human influence on climate." What is clear, however, is that on this issue, science and policy have become inextricably mixed to the point where it will be difficult, if not impossible, to separate them out. It is possible for an outside observer to ask serious questions about the conduct of investigations into global warming, such as whether we are taking appropriate steps to improve the quality of our observational data records, whether we are systematically obtaining the information that will clarify existing uncertainties, whether we have any organized disinterested mechanism to direct research in this contentious area. The answer to all these questions is no. We don't. In trying to think about how these questions can be resolved, it occurs to me that in the progression from SETI to nuclear winter to second hand smoke to global warming, we have one clear message, and that is that we can expect more and more problems of public policy dealing with technical issues in the future-problems of ever greater seriousness, where people care passionately on all sides. And at the moment we have no mechanism to get good answers. So I will propose one. Just as we have established a tradition of double-blinded research to determine drug efficacy, we must institute double-blinded research in other policy areas as well. Certainly the increased use of computer models, such as GCMs, cries out for the separation of those who make the models from those who verify them. The fact is that the present structure of science is entrepeneurial, with individual investigative teams vying for funding from organizations which all too often have a clear stake in the outcome of the research-or appear to, which may be just as bad. This is not healthy for science. Sooner or later, we must form an independent research institute in this country. It must be funded by industry, by government, and by private philanthropy, both individuals and trusts. The money must be pooled, so that investigators do not know who is paying them. The institute must fund more than one team to do research in a particular area, and the verification of results will be a foregone requirement: teams will know their results will be checked by other groups. In many cases, those who decide how to gather the data will not gather it, and those who gather the data will not analyze it. If we were to address the land temperature records with such rigor, we would be well on our way to an understanding of exactly how much faith we can place in global warming, and therefore what seriousness we must address this. I believe that as we come to the end of this litany, some of you may be saying, well what is the big deal, really. So we made a few mistakes. So a few scientists have overstated their cases and have egg on their faces. So what. Well, I'll tell you. In recent years, much has been said about the post modernist claims about science to the effect that science is just another form of raw power, tricked out in special claims for truth-seeking and objectivity that really have no basis in fact. Science, we are told, is no better than any other undertaking. These ideas anger many scientists, and they anger me. But recent events have made me wonder if they are correct. We can take as an example the scientific reception accorded a Danish statistician, Bjorn Lomborg, who wrote a book called The Skeptical Environmentalist. The scientific community responded in a way that can only be described as disgraceful. In professional literature, it was complained he had no standing because he was not an earth scientist. His publisher, Cambridge University Press, was attacked with cries that the editor should be fired, and that all right-thinking scientists should shun the press. The past president of the AAAS wondered aloud how Cambridge could have ever "published a book that so clearly could never have passed peer review." )But of course the manuscript did pass peer review by three earth scientists on both sides of the Atlantic, and all recommended publication.) But what are scientists doing attacking a press? Is this the new McCarthyism-coming from scientists? Worst of all was the behavior of the Scientific American, which seemed intent on proving the post-modernist point that it was all about power, not facts. The Scientific American attacked Lomborg for eleven pages, yet only came up with nine factual errors despite their assertion that the book was "rife with careless mistakes." It was a poor display featuring vicious ad hominem attacks, including comparing him to a Holocust denier. The issue was captioned: "Science defends itself against the Skeptical Environmentalist." Really. Science has to defend itself? Is this what we have come to? When Lomborg asked for space to rebut his critics, he was given only a page and a half. When he said it wasn't enough, he put the critics' essays on his web page and answered them in detail. Scientific American threatened copyright infringement and made him take the pages down. Further attacks since have made it clear what is going on. Lomborg is charged with heresy. That's why none of his critics needs to substantiate their attacks in any detail. That's why the facts don't matter. That's why they can attack him in the most vicious personal terms. He's a heretic. Of course, any scientist can be charged as Galileo was charged. I just never thought I'd see the Scientific American in the role of mother church. Is this what science has become? I hope not. But it is what it will become, unless there is a concerted effort by leading scientists to aggressively separate science from policy. The late Philip Handler, former president of the National Academy of Sciences, said that "Scientists best serve public policy by living within the ethics of science, not those of politics. If the scientific community will not unfrock the charlatans, the public will not discern the difference-science and the nation will suffer." Personally, I don't worry about the nation. But I do worry about science. Thank you very much.
has anyone gotten laser lipo? I'm going on vacay this summer and im at a weight that im comfortable with, however, two kids later my tummy's a lil flabby from all the stretching. i heard that laser lipo will tighten skin as it works, and while im not expecting a miracle, i was wondering if it would help my belly at all? i know i need a tummy tuck but im not quite ready to take that step yet. i was also wondering a price range and how painful it is... not liposuction...LASER LIPO. thank you!!
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